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Some factors associated with youth tobacco use include low socioeconomic status, use and approval of tobacco use by peers or siblings, smoking by parents or guardians, accessibility, availability and price of tobacco products, a perception that tobacco use is normative, lack of parental support or involvement, low levels of academic achievement, lack of skills to resist influences to tobacco use, lower self-image or self-esteem, belief in functional benefits of tobacco use, and lack of self-efficacy to refuse offers of tobacco. |
Tobacco use in adolescence is associated with many other health risk behaviours including high-risk sexual behaviour and use of alcohol or other drugs.
Each day in the United States, approximately 3,600 young people between the ages of 12 and 17 years initiate cigarette smoking, and an estimated 1,100 young people become daily cigarette smokers.
Among racial and ethnic subgroups, approximately 7% of white, 7% of Hispanic, 6% of African American, and 3% of Asian American middle school young people were current cigarette smokers in 2006.
In 2007, 20% of high school students in the United States were current cigarette smokers—approximately 19% of females and 21% of males.
Among racial and ethnic subgroups, approximately 23% of white, 17% of Hispanic, and 12% of African American high school students were current cigarette smokers in 200.
In 2006, approximately 6% of middle school students in this country were current cigarette smokers, with estimates of 6% for females and 6% for males.
Children and adolescents who smoke may have a problem with low self-esteem and easy susceptibility to PEER PRESSURE. They may also have problems with DEPRESSION or ANXIETY DISORDERS. They may have a high rate of novelty seeking and rebelliousness.
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